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L’endoscope est une partie importante de la chaîne visuelle. C’est un système purement optique qui transmet l’image de l’intérieur du corps à la caméra numérique connectée au moyen de lentilles en verre. L’appareil apporte aussi de la lumière dans la cavité corporelle grâce aux fibres optiques intégrées. Les endoscopes modernes sont autoclavables ou stérilisables chimiquement. Des rangements spéciaux sont recommandés pour protéger les lentilles en verre, très fragiles.
